By Ilya Stavinsky
The article published by magazine THE EARTH and UNIVERSE
November,1997,Moscow
There are various theories that attempt to explain the origin of the solar system planets. However, none of them
is strictly logical system, explains the origin of planets, the spherical and block moon, asteroids, meteorites, comets,
retrograde lunar orbit etc. Since astronomers started to discover extraterrestrial planets around the stars all existing theories failed.
The main drawback of these theories, including modern, is that the process of the emergence of planets,
the spherical and block moon, asteroids, meteorites, comets - simplified to unbelievable. For example, all these elements
have emerged at the same time as the sun. The reason for this is the results of mesurements do not always represent the true
conclusion. For example, the age of all the planets, asteroids, the moon, comets and the sun according to the measurement
data represents approximately 4.6 billion years. Hence, astronomers concluded that they all emerged at the same time, that is
how modern theories came into existence. But it is tantamount can be assumed, based on the same data that the planets
originated from the sun, that is they are in themselves contain the same chemical elements as the sun and so on. And therefore
their age coincides with the age of sun, although the planet can be born much more later and for this reason it's age may vary
significantly from the age of the sun.
These theories do not allow that orbits of the planets are not permanent and changing all the time moving away from the sun.
This simplified approach makes lifeless solar system and deprives it of all development.
But assuming such an approach, then logically it turns out that 4 billion years ago the orbit of Pluto was at very short distance from the sun.
And where were all the other orbits of planets in such a case? Thus dialectical approach to the solar system is at odds with modern theory
of origination of planets.
The natural development always goes from simple to the complex irrespective of whether we are dealing with the development
of human society or with the development of the animal world, including humans, or with the development of the solar system.
According dialectical laws of nature such concepts as the planet, moon, comets, asteroids are not permanent, they are changing all
the time moving from one state to another. Planets may transform themselves into the moons and vice versa. The pieces of broken planet
may emerge as comets and asteroids.Asteroids during their lifetime can become a moon, and vice versa, and so on. If the theory of solar
system grab all these points in their logical connection, it certainly deserves serious scientific consideration.
Of course, not all phenomena in the solar system may be to explain its position at the present time, but it is not because it is wrong,
but because our knowledge is far limited. So far the latest discoveries of hundreds of new extraterrestrial planets in Universe more and
more support this new theory about the origination of the planet around the stars. In year 2000 the new theory were nominated for Columbus Prize
by well-known russian astrophysics, professor Y. Ryabov and E. Grebennikov.
Origin of the Planets
The ejection of huge masses of material into space to the distance of approximately 500,000 kilometers from the surface of the sun takes place all the time. But eventually, under the influence of the gravitational and electromagnetic forces of the sun, the ejected masses of material are pulled back to the surface of the sun. In order to overcome the gravitational force of the sun, an ejected mass of matter would have to reach a speed equal to 500-600 km/sec. I assume it to be a possibility that the source of such speed might be electromagnetic fields on different levels of the sun and outside of it.
The sum of those fields could play the role of a synchrophasotron which could propel a mass of gas to a speed sufficient to overcome the force of the attraction of the sun and allow the mass of gas to become a satellite of the sun. Such an event takes place once in 50-200 million years. After being ejected from the sun, the new-born planet--let us call it Pluto--continues to move away from the sun. (The decreasing mass of the sun and an increase in the gravitational forces from the center of the galaxy--both of these according to the law of gravity decrease the gravitational force of interaction between the sun and the planet--are possible causes for the movement of the orbit of the planet away from the sun.)A good example for this event is the existence of the planet near the star called hd179949. The planet is one of 119 known extra-solar planets, objects that orbit stars other than the sun. The star, called HD179949, is very like the sun. The planet is a gas giant 270 times larger than the Earth, almost as big as Jupiter, the largest planet in the solar system. It circles very close to its parent star, completing one orbit every 3.09 days and moving at 350,000 miles per hour (563,000 kph).
Let us assume that during the course oof 100 million years, Pluto's orbit moved from 5-10 million km. to 50 million km. away from the sun. The Orbit velocity of Pluto, according to Kepler's formula, would be equal to 50 km/sec, and its axis of rotation would be equal to the period of its rotation around the sun. (The source of the axis of rotation of the planet is the interaction of electromagnetic fields between the sun and the planet. This assumption is based on a simple experiment which can be made using a magnet playing the role of the sun and a spherical compass placed in a spherical vessel filled with alcohol. If the vessel is moved around the magnet, then the compass representing the planet begins to rotate around its axis.)
Some 100 million years later, the same event occurs once again on the sun: another mass of gas is ejected from the surface of the sun for the reasons mentioned above, and it becomes another planet, let us call it Neptune. During the next 100 million years, the orbits of these planets, Pluto and Neptune, again, for the same reasons, moved away from the sun. Let us assume that Pluto's orbit moved away from the sun to a distance of 100 million km and that Neptune's orbit moved away from the sun to a distance of 50-60 million km. By that time, Pluto’s orbital velocity would be equal to 35 km/sec. That is, it will have decreased. But the velocity of its rotation around its axis would have increased and become equal, say, to 50 m/sec.
At the same time the planet Neptune would occupy the previous orbit of Pluto with approximately the same characteristics of velocity. During the next 100 million years, the sun would, for the same reason, give birth to the next new planet--Uranus. Again, during the next 100 million years, the orbits of the planets would move away from the sun, and this process of origination of a planet from the sun would be repeated every 50-200 million years.
Planets, once having moved away from the sun, constantly lose orbital velocity, but, at the same time, the velocity of rotation always increases. The basis of this event lies in the simple fact that the full energy of a body--which is the kinetic energy of translation plus the kinetic energy of rotation with respect to an axis through its center off gravity plus potential energy in relation to the sun--never decreases when the planet changes its orbit. Thus, if the velocity of the translation movement of the planet decreases, the velocity of its rotation increases and its potential energy also increases. On the other hand, the velocity of rotation of a planet around its axis constantly increases as a result of the continuing action of the original source which caused this rotation, in other words, as the result of the continuing interaction of electromagnetic fields between the sun and the planet.
Origin of the Moons
When the planets have moved away from the sun to a significant distance, say, of 140-150 million km., then, according to the Newtonian law of gravity, the force of their interaction with the sun should decrease. On the other hand, the distance between neighboring planets should remain the same or change only insignificantly. Therefore the gravitational pull between them should remain more or less constant. It follows that at a certain distance from the sun, the force of attraction of a bigger planet in relation to a smaller planet should become more than the gravitational force of attraction between the smaller planet and the sun. When this situation arises, then, at that particular moment, the small planet falls under the control of the gravitational field of the neighboring larger planet and becomes its satellite or moon. That is how our Moon became a satellite of our Earth. Generally speaking, if the moons of other planets: Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus - have the global form, they are planetary origin and, therefore, arisen in the same way as we have described above.
On the possibility of such situations confirms the fate of U.S. launch rocket, which after putting the satellite in orbit around the earth, became a satellite of the earth with an elliptical orbit. After a while it came under the gravitational attraction of the sun and became it's small planet. And yet a few years later, when gravitational attraction from the earth became stronger than gravitational attraction from the sun in relation to the lunch rocket it again became the satellite of earth.
The Death of the Planets
Thus, the development of the planets consists in the fact that their orbits are constantly moving away from the sun, and, consequently, smaller planets become satellites of neighboring larger planets. Following this logical understanding of the development of planets, eventually, when the orbit of a planet reaches a distance from the sun equal to 6-9 billion km., the velocity of its rotation around its axis should reach such a magnitude that the planet will be torn apart by the action of centrifugal forces. The critical velocity of the rotation of a planet around its axis is different for each planet and depends upon its mass. The larger the mass of the planet, the higher the critical velocity of the rotation of that planet around its axis must be. This critical velocity must be large enough to overcome the force of gravitational attraction of the planet.
For example, for Earth the velocity must be equal to 11.5-14 km/sec. At the present the velocity of its axis rotation equals 450 m/sec. So, in order to reach this critical velocity, the Earth would have to be at a distance of 6-8 billion km. from the sun and complete one rotation around it's axis in 1 hour instead of 24 hours. The table of basic properties of the planets shows that those planets which are farther from the sun have greater velocities of rotation around their axes than do planets which are closer to the sun. For example, Jupiter's velocity is 12.7 km/sec, Saturn's velocity is 10.2 km/sec, and Uranus's velocity is 4 km/sec. At the same time, the velocities of rotation of the planets Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars do not exceed several hundred meters per second at most.
When a planet is torn apart, the fragments fly into different directions. Some pieces fly away from the sun. That is how comets come into existence. Others fly at a different angle toward the sun. That is how Mars acquired its moons--Phobos and Demos--which resemble in shape huge fragments from a planet which exploded long ago. Those huge fragments which did not become comets or satellites of other planets in approaching the sun fell under the gravitational field of the sun and became the small planets which astronomers call asteroids.
That is how the asteroids between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter came into existence. Asteroids under certain conditions can collide with each other, producing numerous meteorites, which often get into the atmosphere of planets which are passing by. If a planet which explodes has a moon, then this moon again becomes a planet of the sun. In other words, the ex-moon, as before, keeps rotating around the sun even though it no longer rotates around the destroyed planet.
We can plausibly assume that Pluto, the farthest planet from the sun, was long ago a moon of a planet which has since been destroyed, because the period of its rotation around its axis is 6 days, while all other planets--like Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Uranus, and Neptune--have the respective periods of 23 hr 56 min, 24 hr 37 min, 9 hr 5 min, 10 hrr 14 min, and 15 hr.
Consequently, according to my theory, the existence of meteorites, asteroids, and comets in our solar system establishes the fact that they are fragments of exploded planets. (I do not include planets which have at this time become moons of other planets.) From this theory we can derive the logical conclusion that the conditions for life existed on planets which are farther away from the sun than our Earth, because long ago the orbits of those planets were at the same distance from the sun as is now the orbit of Earth, and that the origination of the planets in universe is the necessety once star come into existence. For this reason, first, there are innumerable higher advanced civilizations in the universe in relation to which our civilization is still barbarian in terms of knowledge, moral and wealth and ,second, the existence of UFO is not fantasy of the people but real fact.
In our solar system we have 9 planets and 14 spherical moons which according to my theory used to be a planets, + 1 destroyed planet . As the result we have 24 planets which were originated from the sun. The age of the sun is around 4.6 billion years so if we divide this time by 24 we will arrive to the average interval time of around 200 mln years during which a new planet was born. It is interesting to note that it takes for sun as much as 225 million years to make one complete rotation of the galactic center. Is it a coincidence ?
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october 1986